What is the technical term for the visible part of the nail that extends beyond the fingertip?

The free edge. It is the portion of the nail plate that extends past the end of the finger or toe.

What is the name of the whitish, half-moon shaped area at the base of the nail plate?

The lunula. It is the visible portion of the nail matrix and appears white because the matrix cells are not yet fully keratinized.

What structure produces the nail plate and determines its thickness and growth?

The nail matrix. It contains nerves, lymph vessels, and blood vessels that generate new nail cells.

What is the medical term for the living skin at the base of the nail plate that overlaps the lunula?

The eponychium (cuticle). It seals the space between the nail plate and the skin to prevent pathogens from entering.

What is the hyponychium?

The hyponychium is the thickened skin under the free edge of the nail plate that seals the nail bed and prevents infection.

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Nail Care – Texas Cosmetology State Board Exam

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