What are the three cardinal planes of motion in which human movement occurs?

The sagittal plane (divides body into left and right), frontal plane (divides body into front and back), and transverse plane (divides body into top and bottom).

In which plane of motion does a lateral raise exercise primarily occur?

The frontal plane, as the arms move away from and back toward the midline of the body.

What is the axis of rotation for movements occurring in the transverse plane?

The longitudinal (vertical) axis, which runs from the top of the head down through the body.

Define 'torque' as it relates to human movement.

Torque is the rotational force produced around a joint's axis of rotation, calculated as force multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the axis (moment arm).

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NASM Human Movement Science

Master the foundational concepts of Human Movement Science for the NASM CPT Exam. These 30 flashcards cover biomechanics, muscle function, neuromuscular control, and the kinetic chain to help you confidently pass your certification exam.

30 cards Intermediate Biomechanics & Planes of Motion Muscle Function & Force-Velocity Kinetic Chain & Joint Function Neuromuscular Control Muscle Roles & Movement

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