What is the name of the living skin at the base of the natural nail plate that overlaps the lunula?

The eponychium (also called the cuticle). It seals the space between the natural nail plate and the living skin above to prevent pathogens from entering.

What is the term for the slightly thickened layer of skin that lies underneath the free edge of the nail plate?

The hyponychium. It forms a protective seal between the nail plate and the fingertip to prevent bacteria and fungi from entering.

What is the whitish, half-moon shape visible at the base of the nail plate called?

The lunula. It is the visible portion of the nail matrix and appears lighter because the matrix tissue is thicker there, obscuring the pink color of the blood vessels below.

Which part of the nail is responsible for nail growth?

The nail matrix. It contains nerves, lymph vessels, and blood vessels that produce the nail plate cells, making it the source of all nail growth.

What is the average rate of fingernail growth per month?

Approximately 1/8 inch (3 mm) per month. Toenails grow more slowly, at roughly 1/16 inch per month.

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Nail Care – Florida Cosmetology State Board Exam

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