60 questions · 60 min · 75% to pass
Question 1
Which rosacea subtype is often mistaken for acne?
Answer: Subtype 2
Question 2
What is the primary function of the stratum basale, and which specialized cells are found there?
Answer: The stratum basale is the deepest epidermal layer where active cell division (mitosis) occurs to produce new skin cells; it also houses melanocytes, which produce melanin pigment.
Question 3
How does LED blue light therapy treat acne, and at what wavelength does it operate?
Answer: Blue LED light operates at 405 to 420 nanometers and kills Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) bacteria by activating porphyrins inside the bacteria, making it an effective non-invasive treatment for active acne without UV exposure.
Question 4
What is the difference between desincrustation and iontophoresis in galvanic current treatments?
Answer: Desincrustation uses the negative pole (cathode) to create an alkaline reaction that softens sebum and loosens comedones; iontophoresis uses the positive pole (anode) to drive water-soluble product ingredients deeper into the skin.
Question 5
Which Fitzpatrick type always burns and never tans?
Answer: Type I
Question 6
Which condition is an absolute contraindication requiring the esthetician to refuse facial services entirely until the client is cleared?
Answer: Active herpes simplex (cold sore) is an absolute contraindication; performing any facial service on a client with an active outbreak can spread the virus across the face and to other clients via contaminated tools.
Question 7
Why does heat worsen melasma, and what treatment precaution should an esthetician take with melasma clients?
Answer: Heat stimulates melanocyte activity, causing them to produce more melanin and darken existing melasma patches; estheticians should avoid hot steam, heat-generating modalities, and aggressive exfoliation that triggers inflammation and worsens pigmentation.
Question 8
What is the difference between melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), and what triggers each condition?
Answer: Melasma is hormonally triggered, creating symmetrical brown patches on the face worsened by sun and heat; PIH results from inflammation after acne, injury, or aggressive treatment, causing dark spots at the site of damage.
Question 9
Which peel depth is restricted to physicians only?
Answer: Deep phenol peel
Question 10
What defines Grade III acne?
Answer: Many papules and pustules