100 questions · 90 min · 75% to pass
Question 1
Which Fitzpatrick type always burns and never tans?
Answer: Type I
Question 2
During which phase of the hair growth cycle is the follicle actively producing new hair cells, and how long does this phase typically last?
Answer: The anagen phase is the active growth stage during which the hair follicle produces new cells continuously; it typically lasts two to six years and determines the maximum length the hair can achieve.
Question 3
What is pityriasis sicca also known as?
Answer: Dry dandruff
Question 4
Why does low-porosity hair require heat or a highly alkaline product to accept chemical services effectively?
Answer: Low-porosity hair has tightly closed cuticle scales that resist moisture and chemical absorption; heat or an alkaline pH causes the cuticle to swell and open slightly, allowing the chemical to penetrate the cortex and process correctly.
Question 5
What happens to the hair follicle during the catagen phase, and approximately how long does this phase last?
Answer: During catagen, the transitional phase of the hair growth cycle, the follicle shrinks and detaches from the dermal papilla; this phase lasts approximately two to three weeks before the hair enters the resting telogen phase.
Question 6
What condition causes smooth, round bald patches with no scarring?
Answer: Alopecia areata
Question 7
What is the primary function of the hair cuticle, and how does its structure relate to porosity?
Answer: The cuticle is the outermost layer of overlapping translucent scales that protect the cortex; when scales lie flat the hair has low porosity, and when raised or damaged the hair has high porosity.
Question 8
A client arrives with circular red patches on the scalp and broken-off hair stubs. What condition does this indicate, and what is the correct professional action?
Answer: The circular red patches and broken hair stubs are classic signs of tinea capitis, a fungal infection commonly called ringworm of the scalp; the cosmetologist must refuse service and refer the client to a physician immediately.
Question 9
What does healthy hair elasticity indicate about the condition of the cortex, and what is the benchmark for normal wet elasticity?
Answer: Good elasticity indicates an intact cortex with strong keratin bonds; healthy hair should stretch approximately 50% of its length when wet without breaking, and poor elasticity signals cortex damage that increases breakage risk.
Question 10
Which melanin type produces brown and black hair tones?
Answer: Eumelanin