Question 1

What is the primary purpose of a zoning ordinance?

Accepted Answer

A zoning ordinance divides a municipality into districts and regulates how land in each district may be used, controlling the type, size, and placement of structures.

Question 2

What government power authorizes municipalities to enact zoning laws?

Accepted Answer

Police power — the inherent authority of government to enact laws that protect the public health, safety, morals, and general welfare.

Question 3

What does a 'use variance' allow a property owner to do?

Accepted Answer

A use variance permits an owner to use land in a way that is not allowed under the current zoning classification, granted when strict application of the ordinance causes unnecessary hardship.

Question 4

What is an 'area variance' in zoning law?

Accepted Answer

An area variance (also called a dimensional variance) allows a property owner to deviate from bulk or dimensional requirements — such as setbacks, lot coverage, or height limits — while keeping the permitted use the same.

Question 5

What body in New York typically hears applications for zoning variances?

Accepted Answer

The Zoning Board of Appeals (ZBA) hears requests for variances, special use permits, and interpretations of the zoning ordinance.

Land Use & Zoning – New York Real Estate Salesperson Exam

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