What is the name of the living skin at the base of the nail plate that overlaps the lunula and seals the space between the nail plate and eponychium?

The eponychium (also called the cuticle). It is the thin layer of skin that overlaps the nail plate at the base and protects the matrix from bacteria.

What part of the nail is responsible for nail growth?

The nail matrix. It contains nerves, lymph vessels, and blood vessels that produce new nail cells, pushing older cells forward to form the nail plate.

What is the name of the whitish, half-moon-shaped area visible at the base of the nail plate?

The lunula. It is the visible portion of the nail matrix and appears white because the matrix tissue is thicker there, obscuring the blood vessels beneath.

What is the hyponychium?

The hyponychium is the thickened skin beneath the free edge of the nail plate. It acts as a seal to protect the nail bed from pathogens.

What are the nail grooves?

Nail grooves are the slits or tracks on the sides of the nail plate along which the nail moves as it grows. They guide directional nail growth.

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Nail Care – NY Cosmetology State Board Exam

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