Question 1

What nail disorder is characterized by the separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, beginning at the free edge?

Accepted Answer

Onycholysis. The nail plate detaches from the nail bed without shedding, often caused by injury, infection, or chemical exposure.

Question 2

What is the term for the complete shedding or falling off of the nail plate from the nail unit?

Accepted Answer

Onychoptosis. This condition involves the periodic shedding of one or more nails and can be caused by systemic illness, high fever, or trauma.

Question 3

What nail condition is defined as abnormal brittleness of the nails with longitudinal striations or ridges?

Accepted Answer

Onychorrhexis. It is characterized by brittle nails that split along the length of the nail plate, often caused by excessive filing, chemical exposure, or nutritional deficiency.

Question 4

What nail disorder presents as white spots or streaks on the nail plate caused by minor trauma to the nail matrix?

Accepted Answer

Leukonychia. These white discolorations are embedded in the nail plate and grow out with the nail as new cells form.

Question 5

What is the name of the condition where the nail plate has a concave or spoon-like shape?

Accepted Answer

Koilonychia. The nail curves inward like a spoon and can be associated with iron-deficiency anemia or other systemic conditions.

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