What is the outermost layer of the hair shaft called?

The cuticle. It consists of overlapping, scale-like cells that protect the inner layers of the hair.

Which layer of the hair shaft contains the melanin pigment that gives hair its color?

The cortex. It is the middle layer of the hair shaft and makes up the majority of the hair's bulk.

What is the innermost, sometimes hollow layer of the hair shaft called?

The medulla. It is a soft core of loosely connected cells and air spaces, not always present in every hair.

What term describes the tube-like structure in the skin that surrounds and supports the hair root?

The hair follicle. It extends from the skin surface down into the dermis and houses the hair root.

What is the hair papilla, and what is its primary function?

The hair papilla is a small, cone-shaped elevation at the base of the follicle. It contains blood vessels that supply nutrients to support hair growth.

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Hair & Scalp Science – Barber License Exam Flashcards

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