Question 1

Which energy system provides ATP during the first 0–10 seconds of maximal-intensity exercise?

Accepted Answer

The phosphagen system (ATP-PCr system), which uses stored ATP and phosphocreatine to rapidly regenerate ATP without oxygen.

Question 2

What is the primary fuel source used by the oxidative energy system during prolonged, low-intensity exercise lasting more than 30 minutes?

Accepted Answer

Free fatty acids (fat) become the dominant fuel source, as the oxidative system increasingly relies on fat oxidation during sustained low-intensity activity.

Question 3

During the glycolytic energy system, what is the end product when pyruvate cannot enter the Krebs cycle fast enough?

Accepted Answer

Lactate (lactic acid) is produced when pyruvate is converted by lactate dehydrogenase, allowing glycolysis to continue under anaerobic conditions.

Question 4

Approximately how many ATP molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose through complete aerobic oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 36–38 ATP molecules are produced through complete aerobic oxidation of one glucose molecule.

Question 5

What is the lactate threshold, and why is it significant for exercise programming?

Accepted Answer

The lactate threshold is the exercise intensity at which blood lactate begins to accumulate faster than it can be cleared. It is a key marker of endurance capacity and helps determine appropriate training intensities.

Exercise Physiology for the ACE CPT Exam

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