Question 1

Standard precautions apply to which body substances?

Accepted Answer

All blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat), non-intact skin, and mucous membranes, regardless of the patient's diagnosis.

Question 2

When must a nurse perform hand hygiene with soap and water instead of an alcohol-based hand rub?

Accepted Answer

When hands are visibly soiled, after caring for a patient with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff), or after contact with spore-forming organisms.

Question 3

A nurse sustains a needlestick injury after drawing blood from a patient. What is the priority first action?

Accepted Answer

Wash the area immediately with soap and water, then report the exposure to occupational health per facility protocol.

Question 4

Which type of transmission-based precaution requires a negative-pressure airborne infection isolation room (AIIR)?

Accepted Answer

Airborne precautions require a negative-pressure AIIR with at least 6–12 air changes per hour and HEPA filtration or outdoor exhaust.

Question 5

A patient is admitted with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which PPE must the nurse wear before entering the room?

Accepted Answer

A fit-tested N95 respirator (or higher) must be worn; a regular surgical mask is insufficient for airborne precautions.

Safety & Infection Control – NCLEX-RN Flashcards

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