Chemical Services – Illinois Cosmetology State Board Exam
Master chemical services for the Illinois Cosmetology State Board Exam with 32 targeted flashcards. Topics include permanent waving, relaxers, hair color theory, and chemical safety. Designed to reinforce exam-ready knowledge of procedures, formulations, and contraindications.
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Preview Questions
Question 1
What is the primary reducing agent found in most alkaline permanent wave solutions?
Answer
Ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) is the primary reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves. It breaks the disulfide bonds in the hair's cortex to allow reshaping.
Question 2
What is the pH range of an alkaline (cold wave) permanent wave solution?
Answer
Alkaline permanent wave solutions have a pH range of approximately 9.0 to 9.6. This high pH causes the cuticle to swell and allows the solution to penetrate the cortex.
Question 3
What chemical process does the neutralizer perform during a permanent wave service?
Answer
The neutralizer stops the action of the waving solution and rebuilds the disulfide bonds in the hair's new shape through oxidation. This process is called re-bonding or hardening.
Question 4
What type of permanent wave is recommended for color-treated or damaged hair because of its lower pH?
Answer
An acid wave (true acid wave) with a pH of 4.5 to 7.0 is recommended for color-treated or damaged hair. It is gentler and requires heat to process.
Question 5
What is the term for the processing step where the waving solution breaks the hair's disulfide bonds?
Answer
This step is called reduction. The reducing agent donates hydrogen atoms to break the sulfur-to-sulfur (disulfide) bonds in the hair's cortex.
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