Land Use & Zoning – Real Estate Broker Exam

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The police power of the state, which is delegated to local governments to regulate land use in order to protect public health, safety, morals, and general welfare.

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Mixed-use zoning, which permits a combination of land uses in a single zone to promote walkability, reduce sprawl, and increase density.

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Spot zoning is rezoning a single parcel differently from surrounding properties, typically to benefit one owner. It is often struck down because it is arbitrary, inconsistent with the comprehensive plan, and violates equal protection.

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The comprehensive plan (also called the master plan or general plan), which sets goals for future growth, transportation, housing, and land use across the jurisdiction.

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A use variance allows a property to be used in a way not permitted by its zone (e.g., a business in a residential area), while an area variance grants relief from dimensional requirements such as setbacks, height, or lot coverage.