Question 1

What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria produce energy for the cell by converting glucose and oxygen into ATP through cellular respiration. They are often called the 'powerhouse of the cell.'

Question 2

What process do plants use to convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Plants use photosynthesis to convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This process occurs primarily in the chloroplasts.

Question 3

What is the difference between a dominant and a recessive gene?

Accepted Answer

A dominant gene trait is expressed whenever the allele is present, even if only one copy exists. A recessive trait is only expressed when two copies of the recessive allele are inherited.

Question 4

What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Decomposers break down dead organic matter and return nutrients to the soil, making them available for plants and other organisms. Examples include bacteria and fungi.

Question 5

What is natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection is the process by which organisms with traits better suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully, passing those traits to offspring over generations.

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