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Question 1
What manual do mental health professionals primarily use in the United States to diagnose psychological disorders?
Answer: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), published by the American Psychiatric Association, is the primary tool used for diagnosing psychological disorders in the U.S.
Question 2
What are the three core criteria used to define a behavior as a psychological disorder?
Answer: A behavior is considered a psychological disorder if it is dysfunctional (interferes with daily life), distressing (causes personal suffering), and deviant (violates social norms or expectations).
Question 3
What is the medical model of psychological disorders?
Answer: The medical model views psychological disorders as diseases with biological causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and potentially cured, similar to physical illnesses.
Question 4
What does the biopsychosocial model propose about the causes of psychological disorders?
Answer: The biopsychosocial model proposes that psychological disorders result from an interaction of biological factors (genetics, brain chemistry), psychological factors (thoughts, emotions), and social/cultural factors (environment, relationships).
Question 5
What is the diathesis-stress model in the context of psychological disorders?
Answer: The diathesis-stress model proposes that a person develops a disorder when a biological or psychological predisposition (diathesis) is triggered by environmental stressors.