Chemical Services – California Cosmetology State Board Exam
Master chemical services for the California Cosmetology State Board Exam with 35 targeted flashcards covering perms, relaxers, hair color, and lightening. Each card tests a single concept with realistic distractors to simulate true exam conditions. Essential study material for anyone preparing for their California state board license.
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Preview Questions
Question 1
What is the primary reducing agent found in most alkaline permanent wave solutions?
Answer
Ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) is the primary reducing agent in alkaline perms. It breaks the disulfide bonds in the hair's cortex to allow reshaping.
Question 2
What is the pH range of an alkaline (cold wave) permanent wave solution?
Answer
Alkaline perm solutions have a pH range of approximately 9.0 to 9.6. This elevated pH causes the hair to swell and allows the waving lotion to penetrate more readily.
Question 3
What chemical process does the neutralizer perform during a permanent wave service?
Answer
The neutralizer re-forms (re-bonds) the disulfide bonds in the new curled position by oxidizing the hair. This permanently locks the wave or curl pattern into place.
Question 4
What type of permanent wave is recommended for color-treated or damaged hair due to its lower pH?
Answer
An acid-balanced (true acid) perm, with a pH of 4.5–7.0, is recommended for color-treated or damaged hair. It is gentler because it requires heat to activate and causes less swelling of the hair shaft.
Question 5
What wrapping technique involves winding the hair from the scalp to the ends?
Answer
The croquignole wrapping technique winds hair from the scalp to the ends around the rod. It produces a tighter curl at the ends and a looser curl near the scalp.
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